Monday, April 21
The Big Ol' Mayne
Saturday, April 19
Scientists and BPD
Scientists identify brain abnormalities underlying key element of borderline personality disorder
Date: Thu, 3 January 2008
Using new approaches, an interdisciplinary team of scientists at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center in
"It's early days yet, but the work is pinpointing functional differences in the neurobiology of healthy people versus individuals with the disorder as they attempt to control their behavior in a negative emotional context. Such initial insights can help provide a foundation for better, more targeted therapies down the line," explains lead researcher Dr. David A. Silbersweig, the Stephen P. Tobin and Dr. Arnold M. Cooper Professor of Psychiatry and Professor of Neurology at
The findings are featured in this month's issue of the American Journal of Psychiatry.
Borderline personality disorder is a devastating mental illness that affects between one to two per cent of Americans, causing untold disruption of patients' lives and relationships. Nevertheless, its underlying biology is not very well understood. Hallmarks of the illness include impulsivity, emotional instability, interpersonal difficulties, and a preponderance of negative emotions such as anger -- all of which may encourage or be associated with substance abuse, self-destructive behaviors and even suicide.
"In this study, our collaborative team looked specifically at the nexus between negative emotions and impulsivity -- the tendency of people with borderline personality disorder to 'act out' destructively in the presence of anger," Dr. Silbersweig explains. "Other studies have looked at either negative emotional states or this type of behavioral disinhibition. The two are closely connected, and we wanted to find out why. We therefore focused our experiments on the interaction between negative emotional states and behavioral inhibition."
Advanced brain-scanning technologies developed by the research team made it possible to detect the brain areas of interest with greater sensitivity.
"Previous work by our group and others had suggested that an area at the base of the brain within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex was key to people's ability to restrain behaviors in the presence of emotion," Dr. Silbersweig explains.
Unfortunately, tracking activity in this brain region has been extremely difficult using functional MRI (fMRI). "Due to its particular location, you get a lot of signal loss," the researcher explains.
However, the Weill Cornell team used a special fMRI activation probe that they developed to eliminate much of that interference. This paved the way for the study, which included 16 patients with borderline personality disorder and 14 healthy controls.
The team also used a tailored fMRI neuropsychological approach to observe activity in the subjects' ventromedial prefrontal cortex as they performed what behavioral neuroscience researchers call 'go/no go' tests.
These rapid-fire tests require participants to press or withhold from pressing a button whenever they receive particular visual cues. In a twist from the usual approach, the performance of the task with negative words (related to borderline psychology) was contrasted with the performance of the task when using neutral words, to reveal how negative emotions affect the participants' ability to perform the task.
As expected, negative emotional words caused participants with borderline personality disorder to have more difficulty with the task at hand and act more impulsively -- ignoring visual cues to stop as they repeatedly pressed the button.
But what was really interesting was what showed up on fMRI.
"We confirmed that discrete parts of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex -- the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex and the medial orbitofrontal cortex areas -- were relatively less active in patients versus controls," Dr. Silbersweig says. "These areas are thought to be key to facilitating behavioral inhibition under emotional circumstances, so if they are underperforming that could contribute to the disinhibition one so often sees with borderline personality disorder."
At the same time, the research team observed heightened levels of activation during the tests in other areas of the patients' brains, including the amygdala, a locus for emotions such as anger and fear, and some of the brain's other limbic regions, which are linked to emotional processing.
"In the frontal region and the amygdala, the degree to which the brain aberrations occurred was closely correlated to the degree with which patients with borderline personality disorder had clinical difficulty controlling their behavior, or had difficulty with negative emotion, respectively," Dr. Silbersweig notes.
The study sheds light not only on borderline personality disorder, but on the mechanisms healthy individuals rely on to curb their tempers in the face of strong emotion.
Still, patients struggling with borderline personality disorder stand to benefit most from this groundbreaking research. An accompanying journal commentary labels the study 'rigorous' and 'systematic,' and one of the first to validate with neuroimaging what scientists had only been able to guess at before.
"The more that this type of work gets done, the more people will understand that mental illness is not the patient's fault -- that there are circuits in the brain that control these functions in humans and that these disorders are tied to fundamental disruptions in these circuits," Dr. Silbersweig says. "Our hope is that such insights will help erode the stigma surrounding psychiatric illness."
The research could even help lead to better treatment.
As pointed out in the commentary, the research may help explain how specific biological or psychological therapies could ease symptoms of borderline personality disorder for some patients, by addressing the underlying biology of impulsivity in the context of overwhelming negative emotion. The more scientists understand the neurological aberrations that give rise to the disorder, the greater the hope for new, highly targeted drugs or other therapeutic interventions.
"Going forward, we plan to test hypotheses about changes in these brain regions associated with various types of treatment," Dr. Silberswieg says. "Such work by ourselves and others could help confirm these initial findings and point the way to better therapies."
Source: New York- Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center/Weill Cornell Medical College
Dreamland
Friday, April 18
Unrelenting Nervousity
Perception
So why would you allow a distant power to to make your decisions for you? We did not get to this point by listening to a far off tyrant, no we took things into our own hands. We are all individuals, it makes no sense to give our ability to make decisions to hands that put their best interests before yours.
Think of all the things you're expected to do to be a real "person," or at least a civilized person. Take that expectation, subtract the idea of right and wrong, then logically decide if it makes sense. Should I start giving my child speed while he's in elementary school? Why does it seem ADHD was unheard of and suddenly m ost of the children in public schools are diagnosed and treated for it? Who benefits from this? Hospitals, physicians, prescription companies and the government. How will they be effected, depending on intoxicants, building a tolerance to those intoxicants. Sweet.
Noone knows who they are, their perspective is so skewed by their first person perspective that taking a step back out, they're able to see themselves better. But that brings us to the point of wondering what a person is. How do you define a person? I mean what perspective matters? You have a view of yourself through your eyes or one through other people's eyes, but, their perspective is also clouded from looking at everything as it relates to them. It must be a whole, including both worlds. So who a person actually is, is who everyone perceives them to be? No, because everyone's perception is lost because they place the starting point in themselves.
Everyone looks out from themselves and see mostly what is pointing back at them. It's like filters. So you have what you think, it is created inside the filter and sent out. Another person has their own filter. If things in both filters are not similar then communication is difficult. The filter represents your prefixed ideas and associations. So something is created(o), sent out through the filter(#), then flows through their filter, and into their mind. But if their filter is shaped differently, which it inevitably will be with all the different conditions, then when it reaches the mind of the other side part or all of the meaning is lost.
Person -> o -> # -> o -> # -> @ -> person.
Make sense?
Wednesday, April 16
Ive Just Seen A Face
Tuesday, April 15
Openess is the Courterforce of Arrogance
Monday, April 14
File Under Opaque (Destruction by Definition)
How interesting my dreams ar in the morning, this episode of repeat. other mornings dreams brings odd remembrances of the past, interesting situations, the resolution of such dreams is obvious, generally, leaving me in a state of wonderment for the rest of the day. Maybe my dreams at night are different, i don't know i only remember the ones after my 2nd or 3rd waking of the day. Times up my son, its time to go.
Change
The clearest perspective is always the one that you don't hold yourself in, thinking outside of the box, so to speak. Everything makes perfect, clear sense if you remove your attachments to the situation.
Being Whole
Humans have fallen in love with their own creations. I watch the way people act and it's insane. Everyone making things up so they can impress each other, this constant state of competition that we all must submit ourselves to with anyone we don't want to think we're a "pussy." All of us living in full swing, with nothing in our heads but tv and businesses. Think about it. I went to the city, and all i saw was people scurrying from business to business, people working at businesses, people shopping at businesses while working for businesses. It's all just a rat race. Everyone just running from store to store. For what? Their products don't really matter that much. We've lost so much sight on what is true and what is real, to things that are questionable. We stopped looking at what we know, and sat in a world of fakeness. Take a break, take a huge step back, and look at what we've become
Too Many Random Thoughts
My thoughts can be broken down into word thoughts, picture thoughts, and most importantly thoughts by meaning. I guess that makes it the three renderings of my thoughts.
Naturalness is something difficult to obtain. To be natural is to revert into animal ways. Removing all the automated responses buried throughout your human mid. To gain naturalness is to be empty. Once you have removed your mind's preconditioning you'll be able to to obtain any knowledge. Not to be confused with enthering the subconcious, to be empty is to have your active mind still. Through emptiness youre able to once again be filled. Something you can imagine is in reference to another thing.
Where do thoughts come from? If by attempting to create thought causes confusion and emptiness makes things clear, where do they come from?
It's a battle over the land. The humans try to cut them down and build their city, but they just grow too fast. Coming across portland is watching the tree's passive resistence standing strong overpopulating and surrounding all the buildings.
(the next two writings were written in the middle of this one)
details are useful but not necessary for action. All you need is direct meaning and where it flows to. Therefore context is not necessary.
Why would they make kolonapin taste like mints and adderoll taste like pez? And for that matter why do i get sad when i think/feel living at my mom's?
It seems that my emotions originate from a separate source than the situation gives, often when i look toward the future i'll feel nothing but despair, but with thinking of the same topic at a different time i will find i'm excited about the future. Take the movie i watched last night, Bridge to Taribithia, after watching it i felt like everything i do is pointless and worthless. I mean it's a dank story that i liked alot, but what the hell is the feeling from? And why do i feel that feeling so often? Maybe i've given the feeling the wrong association. I don't know.
observe the way people are, then in every situation you'll feel weird as fuck, suddenly you don't know how to do what you watch everyone else do.
with the emotive mind you're able to connect with people, able to relate. Which is why communication is difficult. The balanace brings out the ability to be logical and emotive at the same time in the most productive maneer
Two judgements required for every situation. The first is the face value judgement which would be the yang judgement. The second would be yin, so you may as well discard the first always and just go with the yin, which is lost to face value thoughts. Yet, using both does give a wider perspective on things. Given the first judgement along with the second judgement. The key would probably be to know what is useful.
I've never understood the poing of being competeive, or for getting a point system to take notice of who is better at one particulat moment in one situation. it makes sense to be able to find the right man for the job, but as far as anyone being better, that is left unsaid. There are so many elements that go into every situation. As far as being smarter, well that's all a matter of emptiness
Like making thought and emotion balanced by separation/distinguishing the two
emotion clouds thought
"What is vs. What should be"
centered - ( o )
emotional - (o )
Logical - ( o)
What generates emotion?
Thought process?
if emotion and thought processes are separate, come from separate places, they should be made balanced(shown with yinyang)
Or
Emotion piggybacks thought?
changes in perspective
emotion = preconcieved ideas
logical = truth
Preconcieved fixed ideas block truth( they make direct conclusion based an what your predisposed to believe.
I'm always baffled by how much people let their intentions show. But then i remember that most people aren't afraid to show their intent
I guess there is no point in worrying about the meaning of life because like death, it is inevitable. Life has meaning as long as it's lived. I may not mean shit to more than like 15 people, and past those 15 people i don't give a fuck, but that is inevitable. It sucks, but ill i find a better idea that makes sense it will have to do.
Nurture vs. Nature = no solution
but if the answer is nature, then wouldn everyone start with a blank slate till they changed based on their environmental influences? but in that case, noon person wouild be great or of better quality then another. The experinced changed that person into these things
Solution = both
you start with a clean slate, but a slate based on heredity. Then that slate is added to by outside influences and other herditary changes that may come later in life.
But then where do bad people come from? I've never met an actual bad person before so i wouldn't know
A writing peice is like an imprint of self. House of leaves is a good example of this, for zampano and johnny truant and most likely mark z danielenski, Orson Scott Card imprints himself well in his books. Think of it this way, we are not even close to the person that we are viewed as externally. The inside and outside do reflect eachother, somewhat. But a peice of art is an expression of self holding a different external form.
What is the difference between a best friend an boy/girlfriend?
Attraction/Sex?
if that's the case what about gay people? with straight it's a little easier due to the amount of opposite sex bestfriendment is usually at a minimal or turns into a relationship. So what happens when it seems right to fuck all you best friends that you're attracted to? Then again the gay population does have other gay people, and most gay guys have alot of friends that are girls.5
rebirth
I often find myself searching the maze, running up and down the corridors trying to find some sort of clue, something that will lead me to the next key, only to find more questions. What we find is that expectancy creates delusion.
What is a self really? How can you actually grasp the concept? It's impossible. We will never know ourselves, we will never know eachother. There are too many variables built into our minds. Our personality basically is only an accumulation of our experiences, so if a large part of what you decide is based on your experiences, everyone sees things differently from those around them. What do i ramble on about? Nothingness broken into nothingness. An abstract of true reality, which is also something that seems to be undefinable.
Nevertheless spring is around the corner to rid of us this dreadful season and all the complexities it plays. The buddhists say that in order to find enlightenment, first you must return to the source, wu chi(without energy), maybe that's what the summer push is all about.
I'm not certain what i do know is that mickeys have served me right on this night. And with that i bid you a dew.
Trapped
Then next time i was able to relax correctly, I meditated down into my muscles while my hands were over my heart. My intent landed on my heart, being lead there by the beating i could now feel. Then suddenly, it was like my heart was bursting. It started to pump really fast and a heat spread throughout the area and out of my hands. My Xin(emotional mind) jumped a bit, but my yi(wisdom mind) simply and calmly moved my hands from my chest and pressed them together at the labor cavities in my palms where qi is pushed in and out. My heart started to slow down and the heat was contained through my hands. The heat left my hands and out of my body. It was pretty dank.
The last time i relaxed correctly was last night. My lower abdomen felt as if it were full of cramping air and pressure, so as i was relaxing, i placed my intent there, trying to relax all of that. What i came to find is what is referred to as starting the fire. That now familiar tingle started to spread out from the lower dan tian, spreading out and down. The tingle spread through the huiyin, to my ass, all through the middle, and through my external kidneys. I held this one longer than all the rest, until i was yanked out of it, back into reality. This morning my stomach felt like it had been holding tight all night.
There is no way to place the words i think without them coming back at me so i will leave this at that. Definitions? what is the definition of friend? next step closer to aquaintance i’d imagine. and a lover is the next step up from friend. My guess is an aquaintance is someone you work with but do not care about? A friend is someone you care about, but do not love or have sex with? A life partner is someone you love eternally(if such a thing exists)? Wonder where all of them went?
Trapt.
That’s Just the Way It Is
Twenty
Give up learning, and put an end to your troubles.
Is there a difference between yes and no?
Is there a difference between good and evil?
Must i fear what others fear? What nonsense!
Other people are contented, enjoying the sacrificial feast of the ox.
In spring some go the park, and climb the terrace,
But i alone am drifint, not knowing where I am.
Like a newborn babe before it learns to smile,
I am alone, without a place to go.
Others have more than they need, but i alone have nothing.
I am a fool. Oh, yes! I am confused.
Others are clear and bright,
But i alone am dim and week.
Others are sharp and clever,
But i alone am dull and stupid.
Oh, I drift like the waves of the sea,
Without direction, like the restless wind.
Everyone else is busy,
But I alone am aimless and depressed.
I am different.
I am nourished by the great mother.
i forgot that life was my teacher and instead was engulfed in the perspective that life is my confuser. So many round about ways of expressing things, yet no real direction. When things are indirect, they’re worthless because they leave possibility for ’filling in’ the peices that are indirect. I seem to have somehow managed to allow my mind to take almost every negative thing i hear as an accusation, generally given by way of metaphor. Indirectness is at the heart of it. What the buddhists say may very well be true, that without the 7 emotions and 6 desires there would be no suffering in the world. Yet at the same time, i think that would mean there would be no individualism. If people weren’t so ramped on the self, then there would be little motive to do anything.
I had the thought the other day that maybe i tend to lose the perspective of self, fuck, it’s barley there anyway. I don’t think through my perception. It’s very easy for me to look at someone else’s environment and mood and give myself the same perspective, which generally is degrading to me because i am part of the world that others see. I start to think, well i really don’t hold any significance in this world. What is my perspective to theirs? Why would I or anyone else care of what i am or what i’m doing. I could never value my life over someone else i know well. I can rarely tell myself that i’m right and someone else is wrong. I see them and can easily rationalize a million different things that make their actions sensible. Because it seems to me that despite the action, the ’actor’ has the idea that what their doing is not necessarily good all the time, but justified based on circumstance. So what is their justification over mine?
Not to mention that while this is going on i’m having very intense anxiety in almost all situations and i forget to conform to social norms, like where my eyes are supposed to be looking, when i’m supposed to respond, what sorts of things i’m supposed to say. All of these things seem pointless to me, and when i use them i feel like i’m playing a big game of pretend. I do actually feel like i’m performing. I got lost in my analysis and find myself needing and questioning everything. I start to feel very very alone unless i have someone there that i feel i can have a real conversation with, not one that is based on such principals that i forget, like how not to sound like a ’pussy.’ And when i question all of these things people seem to get the way wrong idea about their true meaning, of course noone cares as much as me about them, but it feels like everything to everyone. I really try to keep myself on a level of non offense, but that gets difficult when people tend to not tell you when something you are doing is wrong, yet still think the things they think about it. Communication is key, but it requires someone that knows how.
Episode 2
I’m not sure what it looks liek on the outside when i get into my crazy head, but i have some idea. I’m not really sure why it causes so many people to reject me, but that is stupid to be concerned with.
It’s like there are certain things in my mind that if i am not careful i will bring myself into an immediate anxiety attack. A sort of explosion of emotion and thought that it brings me unable to do much else but sit and think. Generally this is something that goes by unnoticed, i’m generally a quiet person, but if watched im sure it becomes very obvious that something is going on. And i donno what to do.
Generally these attacks don’t last for very long, and unless i’m constantly being reminded of the things. during this time of the year are usually accompanied with feelings of lonliness, low feelings of self worth and identity.
And i really don’t know what it is i’m supposed to do. I mean, it seems to cause all of the major problems with every aspect of my life, and it makes people critical. I become very . . . gullable.
So lately i have been unable to remove associations from my mind. It does seem that each time i’m able to rid myself of these thoughts i’m continually finding them again. Now it’s at the point that i cant get high unless i think i’ll be in a position where i will feel ’safe’ so to speak. Because it weakens my yi(logical mind) so when i take these associations with no clarity it takes much longer for me to gain any sort of stability again. Especially i’m continually associating these things.
I’m aware of these faults in me, and hate the fact that it tears at the seams of all of my relationships, leaving me in a state of felling utterly alone. I don’t want to impose, i dont want to cause problems. I know that my mind will suddenly start to race, my thoguhts speed up in a way that is intollerable. Suddenly my mind is littered with thoughts that make me wish i could get away from myself. I fell lost, at a point where every choise i choose is the wrong one. So i slowly start to rebuild my foundation to stand on, even as i keep kicking it down. And even writing in something like this, i know that most likely i can’t tell the complete direct truth of what im thinking because everything always comes back around. Thus, i find that i’m alone.
With a mind such as mine, to elude to something being wrong with me or my situation, but not actually state what it is, is one of the worst moves possible, because i already have a problem with guessing too many possibilities, so to force me to try to put things together in such a way only makes the confusion that much worse.